Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Front-end equipment during installation
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) was responsible for designing and building the SNS front-end system, which includes an ion source, beam formation and control hardware, and low-energy beam transport and acceleration systems. The ion source produces negative hydrogen (H-) ions—hydrogen with an additional electron attached—that are formed into a pulsed beam and then accelerated to an energy of 2.5 million electron volts (MeV). This beam is then delivered to the linear accelerator.
